Coexisting with Wildlife

Conflicts between geese and humans have increased as the populations of both have grown. The Canada Goose is the species most often blamed for causing problems in suburban areas. Residential and lakeshore development with lawns, parks, and golf courses offers ideal habitat for geese — short grass, open water, and few natural predators.

There is no evidence that any disease has been transmitted from geese to humans. The main concern surrounding these animals is the accumulation of feces left by large flocks, which can be unpleasant when in areas where people live, as well as impacting water quality in areas where large numbers of birds congregate. In addition, some people have concerns over aggression, particularly when the geese are caring for their young. While geese do not generally attack people, the males will stand their ground and “charge” people if protecting their nests. This can be intimidating and frightening, particularly for children, due to the birds’ relatively large size.

It is illegal to kill, harm, or damage eggs or nests belonging to native geese.

Fence areas to exclude geese. While geese can, of course, fly over fences, they tend to graze in places that are next to water and that they can walk to from the water’s edge. Erecting barriers discourages them from entering spaces.

Visual deterrents — Strobe lights that flash or rotate startle geese. Mylar tape, which is shiny and reflective, can be set as streamers on poles.

Noise deterrents — Timed sirens, airhorns, and electronic whistles can be mounted on vehicles or handheld.

Grassy areas — Young grass shoots, particularly finer-bladed species such as Kentucky bluegrass, are preferred fare for geese. Less palatable plants such as native grasses, groundcover and wildflowers, and low shrubs should be substituted.

Shorelines — Since geese prefer to rest or feed on grass near water, shorelines should be altered to reduce the birds’ view and impede their access from the water to feeding areas. Straight, uninterrupted shorelines can be modified with shrubs or boulders every 10 to 20 yards. Goose access to shore from the water may be restricted by constructing decks, a boardwalk, or a barrier of boulders, each at least 2 feet in diameter. The installation of aquatic plants along the shore can also create a physical and visual barrier to geese.

Methyl anthranilate is a non-toxic, biodegradable food ingredient that makes grass unpalatable to Canada geese. The repellent may be applied anytime, is available to homeowners, and does not require a permit for its use. Unlike visual and noise deterrents, chemical repellents can be applied to the problem area only and are not obtrusive to neighbors and the public.

Each goose has a different voice. Their “honking” call is individual to them. Honking is also used in flight to help maintain flock formation.

Geese are recognizable from the ground not only from their loud vocalizations but also for their “V” flying formation. This structure creates a slipstream for the ones behind, helping to conserve energy. This is the same strategy used by humans in sports such as cycling and running. By closely following the rider or runner in front, a similar effect is created.

Geese rotate when flying to allow different birds to lead the “V”. This helps to ensure that no one bird gets too tired on long flights.